Article 4 allows for such substantial changes in the First and Fourth Schedule, without going through the special formality of a law for the amendment of the Constitution prescribed in Article 368. Article 4 allows to bypass Article 368.
Source:
Indian Polity by M Laxmikanth
The Hindu Newspaper
Indian Constitution at Work NCERT
9 Jun 2021
Article 3 of the Indian Constitution
Article 3 Formation of new states and alteration of areas, boundaries or names of existing States-
Parliament may by law -
Form a new state by internal re-adjustment;
Increase the size of any state
Diminish the area of any state
Alter the boundaries of any state
Alter the name of any state
Basically, Article 3 deals with internal re-adjustment. Article 3 empowers the Parliament to form a new state or change the boundaries of any state or change the state's name. Nevertheless, Parliament has to follow specific procedures in this regard.
Sources:
1. Indian Polity by M Laxmikanth
2. Indian Constitution at Work NCERT
3. Introduction to the Constitution of India DD Basu
4. The Hindu Newspaper
8 Jun 2021
Article 2 of the Indian Constitution
Article 2 empowers the Parliament to ‘admit into the Union, or establish new States, on terms and conditions as it thinks fit.
Thus, Article 2 gives two powers to the Parliament -
First, the power to admit into the Union of India new states which are already in existence; and
Second, the power to establish new States, which never existed before.
India is a sovereign country. India can acquire foreign territories according to the modes recognised by international law. This mode can be surrendering a land following treaty, purchase, gift, lease or plebiscite OR Occupieying territory formerly unoccupied by a recognised ruler OR conquest OR subjugation.
7 Jun 2021
Article 1 of the Indian Constitution
Here I have explained the Article 1 of the Indian Constitution - Name and territory of the Union
India, i.e. Bharat, shall be a Union of States.
The States and the territories thereof shall be as specified in the First Schedule.
The territories of India shall comprise -
the territories of the States
the Union territories specified in the First Schedule; and
such other territories as may be acquired
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