Our take on the latest critical care evidence with deep insights on methods, interpretation, clinical relevance and so much more!
CRITKNOW is co-hosted by Bharath Kumar Tirupakuzhi Vijayaraghavan and Ramesh Venkataraman.
Bharath is a mid-career clinician–researcher with a primary focus on improving outcomes from critical illness in patients in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). He is also deeply passionate about teaching evidence-based medicine and helping clinicians interpret and apply emerging evidence in patient care. You can learn more about his work here: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Bharath-Kumar-Tirupakuzhi-Vijayaraghavan?ev=hdr_xprf (https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Bharath-Kumar-Tirupakuzhi-Vijayaraghavan?ev=hdr_xprf)
Ramesh is American Board–certified in Internal Medicine, Critical Care Medicine, and Neurocritical Care. He is also a senior researcher with a special interest in acute kidney injury and renal replacement therapy. A highly respected teacher and educator, he has a unique ability to integrate emerging evidence into bedside clinical practice. You can learn more about his work here: https://icuconsultants.com/dr-ramesh-venkataraman/ (https://icuconsultants.com/dr-ramesh-venkataraman/)
Bharath and Ramesh are both Senior Consultants in the Department of Critical Care Medicine at Apollo Hospitals, Chennai and affiliated with Chennai Critical Care Consultants Private Limited, an academic critical care group practice (https://icuconsultants.com/ (https://icuconsultants.com/)). Bharath is also affiliated with the University of Edinburgh as a Clinical Research Fellow (https://inflammation-research.ed.ac.uk/research/research-groups/dr-bharath-kumar (https://inflammation-research.ed.ac.uk/research/research-groups/dr-bharath-kumar))
Views expressed are personal.
The ICU Dialysis Debate Just Got a New Trial - Here's How to Read It
In the first episode of Season 2, we discuss the recently published ICRAKI trial that compared intermittent vs. continuous renal replacement therapy for critically ill patients. We discuss the trial rationale and background, review the methods and results, and offer our critical interpretation. We also briefly discuss non-inferiority trial designs and the nuances involved in interpretation.
Available on Apple, YouTube, Amazon, and Spotify.
15 Oct 2026
Bicarbonate for in-hospital cardiac arrest
In this 10th episode of our podcast, we discuss the recently published BIHCA trial that evaluated sodium bicarbonate for in-hospital cardiac arrest. As always, we discuss the rationale, PICO, results, limitations and provide our interpretation and take-aways.
Available on Apple, Spotify, and YouTube.
If you have been enjoying, please comment, like, subscribe, and share!
9 Sept 2026
Beyond the Data: Middle Meningeal Artery Embolization
In this BTD episode, we are joined by senior neurosurgeon and neuro-endovascular intervention specialist Dr. Srinivasan Paramasivam.
We unpack the rationale, indications, and evolution of evidence behind middle meningeal artery embolization, along with key technical nuances, clinical decision-making, and real-world challenges.
Listen to this episode alongside our discussion on the STEM trial for full context on the evolving evidence in chronic subdural hematoma management.
Available on Apple, Spotify, Amazon, and YouTube.
Remember to like, comment, subscribe, and share!
1 Sept 2026
Middle Meningeal Artery Embolization for Chronic SDH: STEM trial
In this episode, we review the evidence on middle meningeal artery embolization for chronic subdural hematoma, with a deep dive into the STEM trial and a brief overview of other key studies. Alongside a critical appraisal of the clinical trials, we also include a short methods segment on stratification in the context of randomization.
Our podcast is available on Apple, Spotify, and YouTube. If you are listening on Apple or Spotify, please note that the YouTube version includes images and text overlays that may further aid understanding of the trials discussed.
If you have been enjoying our content, please like, comment, subscribe, and share!
8 Aug 2026
LOGICAL
In this episode, we review the LOGICAL trial, which compared conservative versus liberal oxygenation targets in patients admitted to the ICU following cardiac arrest. We discuss the underlying rationale, summarize prior evidence, and examine the trial in detail. We also include a methods segment on response-adaptive randomization, before concluding with a discussion of the study’s strengths and limitations.
Our podcast is available on Apple, Spotify, and YouTube.
If you enjoy our content, please like, comment, and subscribe—it really helps us reach a wider audience. Thank you!
9 Jul 2026
SODa-BIC
In this episode, we break down the recently published SODa-BIC trial, exploring the role of IV sodium bicarbonate in critically ill patients with metabolic acidemia. We walk through the rationale, prior evidence, PICO, results, and our key critiques and takeaways. We also include a short methods segment on adaptive sample size re-estimation.
You can also find us on Apple Podcasts and Spotify.
23 Jun 2026
ARISE Fluids
In this episode, we review the recently published ARISE-Fluids trial, which compared a restrictive fluid strategy with early vasopressor use against a more liberal fluid approach with delayed vasopressors. We place the trial in context, discuss the prior evidence, and unpack the key findings. We also use the study as a springboard to introduce “time-to-event” outcomes, before reflecting on the trial’s strengths and limitations.
Our podcast is available on Apple, Spotify, and YouTube.
You can also explore our methods blog at: ccmevidence.blog (http://ccmevidence.blog)
2 Jun 2026
Beyond the Data: FAST
In this 2nd episode of BTD, we speak with Dr. Nandini Sethuraman, Chief of Microbiology at the Apollo Central Reference Laboratory in Chennai. We discuss microbiology lab workflows, the different methods involved in species identification and susceptibility testing, common pitfalls, and also her take on the FAST trial!
2 Jun 2026
The FAST trial: Rapid vs. Standard AST
In this episode, we discuss the FAST trial that compared a new and rapid antibiotic susceptibility test to standard practice. We discuss the rationale, trial design, the DOOR outcome framework and its analytical approach, and the limitations.
8 May 2026
TIGRIS trial
In this episode, we discuss the recently published Tigris trial, which evaluated the role of Polymyxin B hemoadsorption in patients with septic shock. We explore the trial’s rationale, trace the evolution of evidence in this area, examine its analytical approach (Bayesian vs. frequentist), and unpack the results. We also discuss the study’s strengths and limitations, and highlight the key takeaways.
17 Apr 2026
Beyond the Data: SOHO
We’re excited to introduce Beyond the Data (BTD), a new CRITKNOW series where we invite expert clinicians and researchers to share their insights and interpret results beyond the numbers.
In this first episode, we’re honoured to host Prof. Ram E Rajagopalan, a highly respected senior clinician, who shares his perspectives on the evolution of HFNC use, the SOHO trial, and much more.
17 Apr 2026
SOHO trial: HFNC vs. Standard Oxgen Therapy
In this third episode of our podcast, we discuss the recently published SOHO trial. We explore the physiological benefits of HFNC, review the existing evidence, and critically appraise the trial. We also include a brief methods segment on sample size estimation and its common pitfalls.
30 Mar 2026
Ketamine vs. Etomidate: the RSI trial
Welcome to the 2nd episode of CRITKNOW! In this episode we are focusing on the RSI trial that compared Ketamine vs. Etomidate for intubating critically ill patients.
CRITKNOW will focus on a variety of themes related to the practice of evidence-based critical care and is co-hosted by Bharath Kumar Tirupakuzhi Vijayaraghavan and Ramesh Venkataraman.
Bharath is a mid-career clinician–researcher with a primary focus on improving outcomes from critical illness in patients in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). He is also deeply passionate about teaching evidence-based medicine and helping clinicians interpret and apply emerging evidence in patient care. You can learn more about his work here: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Bharath-Kumar-Tirupakuzhi-Vijayaraghavan?ev=hdr_xprf (https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Bharath-Kumar-Tirupakuzhi-Vijayaraghavan?ev=hdr_xprf)
Ramesh is American Board–certified in Internal Medicine, Critical Care Medicine, and Neurocritical Care. He is also a senior researcher with a special interest in acute kidney injury and renal replacement therapies. A highly respected teacher, he has a unique ability to integrate emerging evidence into bedside clinical practice. You can learn more about his work here: https://icuconsultants.com/dr-ramesh-venkataraman/ (https://icuconsultants.com/dr-ramesh-venkataraman/)
Bharath and Ramesh are both Senior Consultants in the Department of Critical Care Medicine at Apollo Hospitals, Chennai and affiliated with Chennai Critical Care Consultants Private Limited, an academic critical care group practice (https://icuconsultants.com/ (https://icuconsultants.com/)). Bharath is also affiliated with the University of Edinburgh as a Clinical Research Fellow (https://inflammation-research.ed.ac.uk/research/research-groups/dr-bharath-kumar (https://inflammation-research.ed.ac.uk/research/research-groups/dr-bharath-kumar))
Views expressed are personal.
We are also complementing the content here with a blog: https://ccmevidence.blog/ (https://ccmevidence.blog/) that will discuss specific methodological and analytical issues.
14 Mar 2026
Andromeda-Shock-2
Welcome to the first episode of CRITKNOW!
CRITKNOW will focus on a variety of themes related to the practice of evidence-based critical care and is co-hosted by Bharath Kumar Tirupakuzhi Vijayaraghavan and Ramesh Venkataraman.
Bharath is a mid-career clinician–researcher with a primary focus on improving outcomes from critical illness in patients in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). He is also deeply passionate about teaching evidence-based medicine and helping clinicians interpret and apply emerging evidence in patient care. You can learn more about his work here: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Bharath-Kumar-Tirupakuzhi-Vijayaraghavan?ev=hdr_xprf (https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Bharath-Kumar-Tirupakuzhi-Vijayaraghavan?ev=hdr_xprf)
Ramesh is American Board–certified in Internal Medicine, Critical Care Medicine, and Neurocritical Care. He is also a senior researcher with a special interest in acute kidney injury and renal replacement therapies. A highly respected teacher, he has a unique ability to integrate emerging evidence into bedside clinical practice. You can learn more about his work here: https://icuconsultants.com/dr-ramesh-venkataraman/ (https://icuconsultants.com/dr-ramesh-venkataraman/)
Bharath and Ramesh are both Senior Consultants in the Department of Critical Care Medicine at Apollo Hospitals, Chennai and affiliated with Chennai Critical Care Consultants Private Limited, an academic critical care group practice (https://icuconsultants.com/ (https://icuconsultants.com/)). Bharath is also affiliated with the University of Edinburgh as a Clinical Research Fellow (https://inflammation-research.ed.ac.uk/research/research-groups/dr-bharath-kumar (https://inflammation-research.ed.ac.uk/research/research-groups/dr-bharath-kumar))
Views expressed are personal.
We are also complementing the content here with a blog that will discuss specific methodological and analytical issues. Here is the link to the blog on win ratios: https://ccmevidence.blog/2026/03/18/win-ra (https://ccmevidence.blog/2026/03/18/win-ra)... and to the one on composite outcomes: https://ccmevidence.blog/2026/03/28/compos (https://ccmevidence.blog/2026/03/28/compos)...
Takeaways
Evolution of goal-directed resuscitation
Understanding win ratio and composite outcomes
Chapters
00:00 Introduction to CRITKNOW Podcast
07:10 Andromeda 2 Shock Trial Overview
14:18 Composite Outcomes and Win Ratio
19:59 Secondary Outcomes and Results
Contact CRITKNOW
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