by 相当饿的猫
谈古诗词|谈艺术|学写诗 世界上有一部分事物是不可言说的。对于这部分事物,我们可以写诗。 联系作者:[email protected]
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9/12/2023
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January 22, 2025
<p>小年快乐,新春吉祥。下季再见~~</p><p>开头和结尾的技巧其实是互通的,可以举一反三。无论章法如何安排,目的是希望能狗照映题目、呼应开头、上下衔接,以做到整体意脉贯通、意思浑成、逻辑清晰。在基本章法的基础之上,如还有余力制造悬念、跌宕起伏、出其不意,当然也很好。</p><p>如何结尾:</p><p>一、以抒情作结</p><p>二、以议论、说理作结</p><p>变化形式:设问、问答、对比等方式</p><p>三、以写景作结,以景结情</p><p>四、以叙事、用典用事作结</p><p>五、宕开一笔,或转折、或层进。</p>
January 16, 2025
<p><strong>一、第一句点题,开门见山</strong></p><p><strong>《送孟浩然之广陵》李白</strong></p><p>故人西辞黄鹤楼,烟花三月下扬州。孤帆远影碧空尽,唯见长江天际流。</p><p><strong>《蜀相》杜甫</strong></p><p>丞相祠堂何处寻?锦官城外柏森森。(问句点题)</p><p>映阶碧草自春色,隔叶黄鹂空好音。</p><p>三顾频烦天下计,两朝开济老臣心。</p><p>出师未捷身先死,长使英雄泪满襟</p><p><strong>《闺怨》王昌龄</strong></p><p>闺中少妇不知愁,春日凝妆上翠楼。(反衬点题)</p><p>忽见陌头杨柳色,悔教夫婿觅封侯。</p><p><strong>二、前半部分点题(第二句或第二联)</strong></p><p><strong>《送杜少府之任蜀州》王勃</strong></p><p>城阙辅三秦,风烟望五津。与君离别意,同是宦游人。海内存知己,天涯若比邻。无为在歧路,儿女共沾巾。</p><p><strong>《泊秦淮》杜牧</strong></p><p>烟笼寒水月笼沙,夜泊秦淮近酒家。商女不知亡国恨,隔江犹唱后庭花。</p><p><strong>三、中后部分点题(第三句或第三联)</strong></p><p><strong>《九月九日忆山东兄弟》王维</strong></p><p>独在异乡为异客,每逢佳节倍思亲。遥知兄弟登高处,遍插茱萸少一人。</p><p><strong>四、篇末点题,卒章显志</strong></p><p><strong>《江南逢李龟年》杜甫</strong></p><p>岐王宅里寻常见,崔九堂前几度闻。正是江南好风景,落花时节又逢君。</p><p><strong>《赠汪伦》李白</strong></p><p>李白乘舟将欲行,忽闻岸上踏歌声。桃花潭水深千尺,不及汪伦送我情。</p><p><strong>五、分层点题</strong></p><p><strong>《观猎》王勃 (“观”和“猎”都要点到)</strong></p><p>风劲角弓鸣,将军猎渭城。草枯鹰眼疾,雪尽马蹄轻。忽过新丰市,还归细柳营,回看射雕处,千里暮云平。</p><p><strong>《江梅》杜甫(“江”和“梅”都要点到)</strong></p><p>梅蕊蜡前破,梅花年后多。绝知春意好,最奈客愁何。雪树元同色,江风亦自波。故园不可见,巫岫郁嵯峨。</p><p>注意,题目可以是契合表面内容(江梅),不一定是主旨(客愁)</p><p><strong>《江村》杜甫(“江”和“村”都要点到)</strong></p><p>清江一曲抱村流,长夏江村事事幽。自去自来梁上燕,相亲相近水中鸥。老妻画纸为棋局,稚子敲针作钓钩。但有故人供禄米,微躯此外更何求?</p>
January 10, 2025
<p>顾炎武:“十五国并无一题,雅颂中间一有之。”</p><p>顾炎武:“《三百篇》之诗人,大率诗成,取其中一字、二字、三四字以名篇。”</p><p>袁枚:“《三百篇》《古诗十九首》,皆无题之作,后人取其诗中首面之一二字为题,遂独绝千古。”</p><p>王国维:“诗之三百篇、十九首,词之五代、北宋,皆无题也。”</p><p>袁枚:“汉魏以下,有题方有诗。”</p><p>袁枚说:“无题之诗,天籁也;有题之诗,人籁也。天籁易工,人籁难工。”</p><p>马永卿:“古人吟诗,绝不草草,至于命题,各有深意。</p><p>拟题举例:</p><p><strong>一、寄信、回信、唱和、应酬、应制、哀悼、庆贺、“赋得”等</strong></p><p>《<a href="https://sou-yun.cn/Query.aspx?type=poem1&id=31115">寄高三十五书记</a>》、《<a href="https://sou-yun.cn/Query.aspx?type=poem1&id=30979">送韦书记赴安西</a>》 《<a href="https://sou-yun.cn/Query.aspx?type=poem1&id=134968">送杨奉礼</a>》《<a href="https://sou-yun.cn/Query.aspx?type=poem1&id=136140">次韵聪上人见寄</a>》《<a href="https://sou-yun.cn/Query.aspx?type=poem1&id=135082">和田国博喜雪</a>》《<a href="https://sou-yun.cn/Query.aspx?type=poem1&id=135288">次韵陈四雪中赏梅</a>》《<a href="https://sou-yun.cn/Query.aspx?type=poem1&id=136112">大行太皇太后高氏挽词二首</a>》《<a href="https://www.douban.com/link2/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fbaike.so.com%2Fdoc%2F25763313-26897946.html&link2key=7760e8e363">赋得兰泽多芳草</a>》</p><p><strong>二、笼统点题材</strong></p><p>可以能是拟古、旧题,点出感情基调或主题,不一定是实写。如征人怨、从军行、思远人、秋夜思等。</p><p><strong>三、交代地点,或所题景物建筑,包括登临怀古</strong></p><p>《<a href="https://sou-yun.cn/Query.aspx?type=poem1&id=30675">龙门</a>》《<a href="https://sou-yun.cn/Query.aspx?type=poem1&id=134224">荆州十首</a>》《<a href="https://sou-yun.cn/Query.aspx?type=poem1&id=134328">中隐堂诗》</a>《<a href="https://sou-yun.cn/Query.aspx?type=poem1&id=134453">龟山</a>》《<a href="https://sou-yun.cn/Query.aspx?type=poem1&id=134333">题宝鸡县斯飞阁</a>》</p><p><strong>四、交代所咏事物,包括题画</strong></p><p>《<a href="https://sou-yun.cn/Query.aspx?type=poem1&id=30858">房兵曹胡马诗</a>》 《<a href="https://sou-yun.cn/Query.aspx?type=poem1&id=135215">雨中看牡丹三首</a>》《<a href="https://sou-yun.cn/Query.aspx?type=poem1&id=30869">画鹰</a>》 《<a href="https://sou-yun.cn/Query.aspx?type=poem1&id=135083">宋复古画《潇湘晚景图》三首</a>》</p><p><strong>五、交代所怀人物(区别于寄赠)</strong></p><p>《<a href="https://sou-yun.cn/Query.aspx?type=poem1&id=30919">春日忆李白</a>》《<a href="https://sou-yun.cn/Query.aspx?type=poem1&id=30638">冬日有怀李白</a>》《<a href="https://sou-yun.cn/Query.aspx?type=poem1&id=351505">僧</a>》</p><p><strong>六、交代时间、季节、节庆、节气</strong></p><p>《<a href="https://sou-yun.cn/Query.aspx?type=poem1&id=135476">正月一日,雪中过淮谒客回,作二首</a>》《<a href="https://sou-yun.cn/Query.aspx?type=poem1&id=136286">新年五首</a>》《寒食》《初九夜》《九月九日寄山东兄弟》</p><p><strong>七、交代事件,写作缘由</strong></p><p>《<a href="https://sou-yun.cn/Query.aspx?type=poem1&id=31175">暂如临邑至㟙山湖亭奉怀李员外率尔成兴</a>》</p><p>《<a href="https://sou-yun.cn/Query.aspx?type=poem1&id=134275">太白山下早行,至横渠镇,书崇寿院</a>》</p><p>《<a href="https://sou-yun.cn/Query.aspx?type=poem1&id=134358">自清平镇游楼观、五郡、大秦、延生、仙游、往返四日,得十一诗,寄子由同作》</a>(地点、时间、数量、寄信)</p><p>《<a href="https://sou-yun.cn/Query.aspx?type=poem1&id=136294">二月八日,与黄焘僧昙颖过逍遥堂,何道士宗一问疾</a> 》(时间、人物、地点、事件)</p><p>《<a href="https://sou-yun.cn/Query.aspx?type=poem1&id=136300">食荔支》</a></p><p>《<a href="https://sou-yun.cn/Query.aspx?type=poem1&id=134850">立春日,病中邀安国,仍请率禹功同来。仆虽不能饮,当请成伯主会,某当杖策倚几于其间,观诸公醉笑,以拨滞闷也。二首</a> 》(事件、缘由、人物、事件、情绪、组诗数量)</p><p><strong>其他还有无题、杂诗、拟古旧题、或者点出体裁,</strong>如《<a href="https://sou-yun.cn/Query.aspx?type=poem1&id=136191">无题</a>》《<a href="https://sou-yun.cn/Query.aspx?type=poem1&id=136462">归去来集字十首》《</a>杂诗》《杂感》《咏怀》、词牌等</p><p>拟长题和拟序,注意仿写,训练文言文。</p>
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