Innovation technologique Liliane Bettencourt (2022-2023) - Lydéric Bocquet

About Innovation technologique Liliane Bettencourt (2022-2023) - Lydéric Bocquet

La chaire annuelle Innovation technologique Liliane Bettencourt, créée en 2006, marque la volonté commune du Collège de France et de la Fondation Bettencourt Schueller de mettre en valeur l'importance des travaux qui doivent être consacrés à l'innovation technologique. Chaire Innovation technologique Liliane Bettencourt 2022-2023 La mécanique moléculaire des fluides Un champ d'innovation pour l'eau et l'énergie Ce cours décrit les dernières avancées dans le domaine émergent de la nanofluidique, la science des flots moléculaires, qui explore les écoulements et le transport des fluides aux échelles nanométriques. Ce monde de l'infiniment petit fluidique, c'est la frontière où le continuum de la mécanique des fluides rencontre la nature atomique de la matière, voire sa nature quantique. On y observe des écoulements quasiment sans frottement, des effets quantiques émergents, des effets mémoires qui permettent désormais de rêver de calculateurs ioniques. La nature exploite pleinement les bizarreries fluidiques aux nanoéchelles. En utilisant une circuiterie faite de multiples canaux biologiques, elle est capable de prouesses technologiques invraisemblables : pompes ioniques, moteurs à protons, pores ultra-sélectifs, canaux stimulables… une orfèvrerie fluidique simplement époustouflante. Peut-on s'inspirer et égaler ces performances avec des canaux artificiels ? Quelles sont les propriétés spécifiques des fluides aux nanoéchelles ? Comment les quantifier expérimentalement ? Peut-on les exploiter en termes d'innovation ? Le cours abordera les questions fondamentales posées par le transport des fluides aux échelles moléculaires ou nanométriques et les propriétés émergentes à ces échelles. Nous introduirons en particulier les nouveaux outils expérimentaux et théoriques qui ont été développés pour mesurer, comprendre et exploiter les nouvelles propriétés de transport. La nanofluidique est également un domaine où il y a un chemin court entre la science fondamentale et l'innovation de rupture, car les nouvelles propriétés nanofluidiques offrent des solutions inattendues pour de multiples applications, notamment pour le dessalement, la remédiation des eaux, ou encore l'énergie bleue – notamment l'énergie osmotique. Nous explorerons quelques exemples où ce cheminement s'est concrétisé par des innovations de rupture.

Publisher

Collège de France

Category

education

Language

fr

Explicit

No

First episode

2 Feb 2023

Latest episode

25 May 2023

Latest episodes

26 episodes in the feed.

1. 

   25 May 2023

   Colloque - La nanofluidique à la croisée des chemins : New Approaches in Nanofluidics: Carbon Nanotubes Mechanical Resonators

   Innovation technologique Liliane Bettencourt (2022-2023) - Lydéric Bocquet Collège de France Année 2022-2023 Colloque - La nanofluidique à la croisée des chemins : New Approaches in Nanofluidics: Carbon Nanotubes Mechanical Resonators I will present our work in the direction of combining mechanical resonator and nanofluidic channel with a carbon nanotube. First, I will discuss how mechanical resonators will allow to answer, experimentally, open questions in the nanofluidic community about the structure of water, the phase diagram and the mechanism behind the fast flow observed in carbon nanotube. Second, I will show that SU8 microfluidic allows to combine antagonist worlds of fluidics (ambient pressure) and mechanics (secondary vacuum). Such devices can sustain large water pressure up to 5 bars and do not degrade over time. Porosity of SU8 is equal or better to PDMS, the standard in fluidics. Moving to carbon nanotube nanomechanical resonators, I will show that they exhibit exquisite mass sensitivity down to 70 yg, even at room temperature. This feature is observed in several devices, making it a reliable asset. I will discuss the limitations to the sensitivity in terms of thermomechanical noise, frequency fluctuations, etc. Finally, I will demonstrate that electrons in carbon nanotubes can distinguish water adsorbed on the surface of the nanotube from water confined inside the nanotube. Again, this feature is reproducible in several devices and independent of the metallicity of the nanotube. Adrien Noury Adrien Noury received his PhD in Physics (Photonics and Material Sciences) in 2014 from Univ. Paris Sud, on carbon nanotubes hybrid photonics. He then joined the group of Adrian Bachtold in ICFO Barcelona to work on quantum electromechanics with graphene drums, and later Helium superfluids on nanotube mechanical resonator. Since 2017 he is CNRS researcher in L2C, Montpellier, where he started and led the Nanomechanics group. His research focuses on harnessing the exceptional sensitivity of nanotube mechanical resonators in order to adress challenging questions in Physics.

2. 

   25 May 2023

   Colloque - La nanofluidique à la croisée des chemins : Nanofluidics: Exploring New Frontiers

   Innovation technologique Liliane Bettencourt (2022-2023) - Lydéric Bocquet Collège de France Année 2022-2023 Colloque - La nanofluidique à la croisée des chemins : Nanofluidics: Exploring New Frontiers In this talk, I will introduce a novel method based on liquid-activated quantum emission from native hBN defects for nanofluidic sensing. Liquids confined down to the atomic scale can show radically new properties. However, only indirect and ensemble measurements operate in such extreme confinement, calling for novel optical approaches enabling direct imaging at the molecular level. Using our method, we harness quantum emission originating from native defects in hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) for molecular imaging and sensing in nanometrically confined liquids. We show that defect activation occurs through chemisorption of organic solvent molecules, revealing single-molecule dynamics at the interface through spatially correlated activation of neighboring defects. Defect emission spectra further offer a direct readout of local dielectric properties, unveiling increasing dielectric order under nanometer-scale confinement. Liquid-activated native hBN defects bridge the gap between solid-state nanophotonics and nanofluidics, opening new avenues for nanoscale sensing and optofluidics. Liquid-activated quantum emission from native hBN defects for nanofluidic sensing Ronceray N., You Y., Glushkov E., Lihter M., Rehl B., Chen T-H., Nam G-H., Watanabe K., Taniguchi T., Roke S., Keerthi A., Comtet J., Radha B. et Radenovic A., Liquid-activated quantum emission from native hBN defects for nanofluidic sensing, 2022. Aleksandra Radenovic Prof. Aleksandra Radenovic is a full professor of biological engineering at the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) She serves as the Head of the Laboratory of Nanoscale Biology and is a renowned expert in the field of single-molecule biophysics. Professor Radenovic received her Ph.D. in Biophysics from the University of Lausanne (Switzerland) in 2003, following her attainment of a Msc. in Physics from the University of Zagreb (Croatia) in 2000. The research conducted by her laboratory has received numerous prestigious grants and awards, including the European Research Council (ERC) Starting Grant in 2010, the SNF Backup scheme Consolidator Grant in 2015, the CCMX materials challenge award in 2016, and the Advanced ERC grant in 2020. Her research interests focus on nanofluidics and developing techniques and methodologies that utilize optical imaging, nanopore sensing, and single-molecule manipulation to study the behavior of individual biological molecules and complexes. These studies are conducted both in vitro and within living cells, providing insights into the underlying mechanisms of cellular processes.

3. 

   25 May 2023

   Colloque - La nanofluidique à la croisée des chemins : Soft Nanofluidics

   Innovation technologique Liliane Bettencourt (2022-2023) - Lydéric Bocquet Collège de France Année 2022-2023 Colloque - La nanofluidique à la croisée des chemins : Soft Nanofluidics I will present some recent results on controlled experiments probing fluidic transport at the nanoscale. In particular, I will show how we use alternative routes to molecular confinement, which circumvents demanding nanofabrication steps, partially releases material constraints, and offers continuously tunable molecular confinements. These soft-matter-inspired approaches use wetting film that spontaneously condenses on a substrate or soap films that are intrinsically nanometric as versatile and tunable nanofluidic channels. Anne-Laure Biance Depuis 2006 : Chargée de recherche puis directrice de recherche au CNRS. 2004 : Thèse de l'université Paris 6 sous la direction de D. Quéré, réalisé au LPMC, Collège de France. 2013 : HDR, Université Lyon 1.

Contact Innovation technologique Liliane Bettencourt (2022-2023) - Lydéric Bocquet

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