Emotional Dynamics and Work Performance: How Affective States Shape Daily Productivity Through Attentional Resources, by Jonathan H. Westover PhD
Abstract: Individual work performance fluctuates considerably within persons across days and even hours, yet traditional performance models focus primarily on stable between-person differences. This article synthesizes recent research demonstrating that momentary affective states substantially influence episodic work performance through their impact on attentional resource allocation. Drawing on affective events theory and the episodic performance framework developed by Weiss and colleagues, we examine how negative emotional states misallocate attention away from task demands, impairing concurrent performance, while certain positive affective states can enhance attentional focus. We distinguish between background core affect and discrete emotion episodes, showing that emotion episodes—characterized by heightened arousal, cognitive elaboration, and regulatory demands—exert particularly strong effects on attention and subsequent depletion. The article integrates evidence from experience-sampling studies across diverse occupations and discusses organizational implications for performance management, work design, and employee wellbeing. Practitioners gain insight into managing the affective climate of work, designing tasks with appropriate attentional pull, and recognizing that daily performance variability represents meaningful psychological processes rather than mere measurement error.
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12 Dec 2025
Reclaiming Human Leadership in the Age of AI: Evidence-Based Strategies for Navigating Disruption and Rediscovering Purpose, by Jonathan H. Westover PhD
Abstract: Artificial intelligence is fundamentally disrupting traditional leadership paradigms, forcing organizations to reconsider what leadership means when machines can process information faster, generate competent outputs, and automate decisions at scale. This disruption manifests across four interconnected domains: meaning-making, identity, organizational systems, and leader development. Rather than rendering human leadership obsolete, AI clarifies what leadership has always been for—stewarding purpose, creating connection, and exercising judgment in contexts machines cannot comprehend. Drawing on organizational behavior research, developmental psychology, and case studies across technology, healthcare, and financial services sectors, this article examines how leading organizations are responding to AI-driven leadership disruption. Evidence suggests successful navigation requires shifting from expertise-based authority to inquiry-driven facilitation, from control-oriented management to adaptive systems stewardship, and from horizontal skill acquisition to vertical developmental growth. Organizations that intentionally cultivate human-centered leadership capabilities—meaning stewardship, reflective practice, distributed intelligence, and developmental capacity—position themselves to thrive amid technological transformation while preserving the irreducibly human elements that create organizational vitality and stakeholder wellbeing.
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11 Dec 2025
The Myth of the Workless Future: Why AI Will Reshape—Not Replace—Human Labor, by Jonathan H. Westover PhD
Predictions of a fully automated, workless society within two decades have captured public imagination and policy attention. This article examines the empirical evidence and theoretical frameworks surrounding large-scale technological displacement, arguing that rather than eliminating work entirely, AI and automation are more likely to hollow out middle-skill occupations while preserving demand for high-touch human services and augmented knowledge work. Drawing on labor economics, organizational psychology, and technology adoption research, we identify three emerging workforce segments: AI-augmented super-workers, human-essential service providers, and a potentially marginalized middle tier facing structural displacement. The article evaluates organizational responses including skills development programs, hybrid human-AI work design, and social safety net innovations. We conclude that preventing a bifurcated "stipend society" requires proactive intervention in education systems, labor market institutions, and the psychological contract between workers, employers, and the state. The central challenge is not whether society can afford economic security for displaced workers, but whether existing political and cultural frameworks can accommodate such a transformation while preserving human agency and meaning.
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