Kim Lear and Steve Hunt, thought leaders who study the future of work from different perspectives discuss controversial topics reflecting conflicting beliefs about jobs, employees, and organizations. Drawing on stories gained from their work with thousands of companies combined with deep knowledge of social and psychological research, they debate what’s true and what’s fiction when it comes to the changing nature of work, employees and societies. <br/><br/><a href="https://kimlear.substack.com?utm_medium=podcast">kimlear.substack.com</a>
YES & NO
Claim This Podcastby Kim Lear + Steve Hunt
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Podcast Overview
Kim Lear and Steve Hunt, thought leaders who study the future of work from different perspectives discuss controversial topics reflecting conflicting beliefs about jobs, employees, and organizations. Drawing on stories gained from their work with thousands of companies combined with deep knowledge of social and psychological research, they debate what’s true and what’s fiction when it comes to the changing nature of work, employees and societies. <br/><br/><a href="https://kimlear.substack.com?utm_medium=podcast">kimlear.substack.com</a>
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Publishing Since
3/27/2023
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Recent Episodes
July 31, 2023
Episode 5: Do men and women work differently?
<p>Episode Summary </p><p>Are there fundamental differences in the way men and women approach work? How do societal gender expectations shape roles in the workplace? How have gender-based inclusivity movements reshaped the gender gap? Kim and Steve discuss in this week’s episode of Yes & No. </p><p>Show Notes</p><p>Kim’s Notes</p><p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/databriefs/db328.htm">CDC</a>: The average American man will live to age 76 while the average American woman will live to age 81.</p><p><a target="_blank" href="https://ncoa.org/article/suicide-and-older-adults-what-you-should-know">NCOA</a>: Men 65 and older face the highest overall rate of suicide. </p><p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/03/09/led-by-baby-boomers-divorce-rates-climb-for-americas-50-population/">Pew Research</a>: Among those ages 65 and older, the divorce rate has roughly tripled since 1990, reaching six people per 1,000 married persons in 2015.</p><p><a target="_blank" href="https://hbr.org/2021/06/dont-just-mentor-women-and-people-of-color-sponsor-them">HBR</a>: Women, people of color, and other historically marginalized groups tend to be over-mentored and under-sponsored in the workplace. “Mentorship involves direct support of a protégé, while sponsorship focuses on others’ impressions of that person.”</p><p><a target="_blank" href="https://academic.oup.com/qje/article-abstract/121/2/673/1884033?redirectedFrom=fulltext">The Quarterly Journal of Economics</a>: Attractiveness is normally distributed on a bell curve. </p><p><a target="_blank" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27283466/">PubMed</a>: Studies demonstrate prosocial biases in favor of attractive people in the workplace.</p><p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2022/10/boys-delayed-entry-school-start-redshirting/671238/">Richard Reeves</a>: Senior fellow at the Brookings Institution and the author of Of Boys and Men breaks down learning loss for boys during the pandemic. </p><p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.brookings.edu/blog/up-front/2022/10/12/boys-left-behind-education-gender-gaps-across-the-us/#:~:text=Girls%20getting%20degrees,now%20going%20the%20other%20way.">Brookings</a>: In-depth exploration of education gender gaps across the US. “In every U.S. state, young women are more likely than their male counterparts to have a bachelor’s degree. The education gender gap emerges well before college, however: girls are more likely to graduate high school on time and perform substantially better on standardized reading tests than boys (and about as well in math).”</p><p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/335623782_Mismatches_in_the_Marriage_Market">Journal of Marriage and Family</a>: Mismatches in the Marriage Market reveals large deficits in the supply of well-matched potential male spouses. </p><p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.nber.org/papers/w19829">NBER</a>: Data from the United States Census Bureau suggests that a rise in assortative mating is impacting household income inequality.</p><p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.eviemagazine.com/post/gen-z-killed-the-girlboss-and-that-might-not-be-a-bad-thing">Evie</a>: Gen Z re-evaluation of girlboss feminism: “The idea of hustling, working long hours, and climbing the corporate ladder no longer sounds appealing to many young women. As the glory of workplace hustle faded from the zeitgeist, so did the girlboss.”</p><p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2023/01/30/whats-the-matter-with-men">The New Yorker</a>: Reeves looks at gender disparities between boys and girls across education and work and suggests policies designed to foster “prosocial masculinity for a postfeminist world.” Encouraging more men to become nurses and teachers, expand paid leave, and create a thousand more vocational high schools.</p><p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/alicegwalton/2019/01/05/social-media-again-shown-to-be-worse-for-girls-mental-health-than-boys/?sh=1208666e5057">Forbes</a>: Teenagers who spend more hours a day on social media have a greater risk for depression, and the connection appears to be particularly pronounced for girls.</p><p>Mary Phifer: Investigative journalist and New York Times bestselling author. Her books <a target="_blank" href="https://www.goodreads.com/en/book/show/159760">Reviving Ophelia</a> and recently published <a target="_blank" href="https://www.goodreads.com/en/book/show/38884171">Women Row North</a> explore what it means to be a woman in America today. </p><p><a target="_blank" href="https://elifinkel.com/">Eli Finckle</a>: Social psychology professor at Northwestern University who studies romantic relationships. Finkel provides a sweeping historic overview of marriage, showing how the primary functions of marriage have changed over time. </p><p>Paula Fass: Historian and author of <a target="_blank" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/12/books/review/the-end-of-american-childhood-by-paula-s-fass.html">The End of American Childhood</a>. Her work explores families, parenting, changing social norms in America. </p><p>Steve’s Notes</p><p>American Psychological Association. (2014). Think again: Men and women share cognitive skills. August 1. </p><p>* Review of research on psychological differences between men and women.</p><p>Catsambis, S. (2005). The Gender Gap in Mathematics: Merely a Step Function? In A. M. Gallagher & J. C. Kaufman (Eds.), Gender differences in mathematics: An integrative psychological approach (pp. 220–245). Cambridge University Press. </p><p>* Examination of how social conceptions related to gender identify influence mathematical performance of women vs men.</p><p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.economicsobservatory.com/how-can-we-reduce-gender-gaps-in-mathematics-education">Economics Observatory. How can we reduce gender gaps in mathematics education.</a> </p><p>* Reviews research on the math gap between boys and girls and how it is influenced by socio-cultural factors.</p><p>Fredrickson, B. L., Roberts, T.-A., Noll, S. M., Quinn, D. M., & Twenge, J. M. (1998). That swimsuit becomes you: Sex differences in self-objectification, restrained eating, and math performance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 75(1), 269–284.<strong> </strong></p><p>* Study investigating how the self-concept of young women influences performance in mathematics.</p><p>Goldman, B. (2017). Two minds: the cognitive differences between men and women. Stanford Medicine, Spring. </p><p>* Review of research discussing physical differences between male and female brains.</p><p>Grandey, A. A., Gabriel, A. S., & King, E. B. (2020). Tackling taboo topics: A review of the three M s in working women’s lives. Journal of Management, 46(1), 7-35. </p><p>* Study examining how the female physiological functions of menstruation, maternity, and menopause influence how women experience work compared to men. </p><p>Judge, T. A., & Cable, D. M. (2004). The Effect of Physical Height on Workplace Success and Income: Preliminary Test of a Theoretical Model. Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(3), 428–441. <strong> </strong></p><p>* Theoretical model and empirical research demonstrating how physical attributes such as height influence job performance outcomes through affecting how people perceive themselves and how they are perceived by others.</p><p>Levant, R. F., & Powell, W. A. (2017). The gender role strain paradigm. In R. F. Levant & Y. J. Wong (Eds.), The psychology of men and masculinities (pp. 15–43). American Psychological Association. </p><p>* Discussion of research showing how ascribing to traditional masculine roles can negatively impact the mental and physical health of men.</p><p>Mazei, J., Hüffmeier, J., Freund, P. A., Stuhlmacher, A. F., Bilke, L., & Hertel, G. (2015). A meta-analysis on gender differences in negotiation outcomes and their moderators. Psychological bulletin, 141(1), 85.<strong> </strong></p><p>* Study examining how gender interacts with environmental issues to affect the results of negotiations related to pay and other important life outcomes. </p><p>Motro, D., & Ellis, A. P. J. (2017). Boys, don’t cry: Gender and reactions to negative performance feedback. Journal of Applied Psychology, 102(2), 227–235. </p><p>* Study exploring how masculine stereotypes in society can adversely affect the experience of work for men compared women.</p><p>Perez, C.C. (2019). Invisible women: data bias in a world designed for men. Chatto & Lindus Publisher, London. </p><p>* Book exploring how women have been excluded or overlooked in research studies and other methods that influence a range of areas from automobile design to medicine. </p><p>Stevens, A. (2018) Undoing the damage of Teen Talk Barbie. Iowa Women Lead Change Central Iowa Conference. </p><p>* Transcript of a presentation discussing the negative influence that the design of dolls, toys and other material designed for young girls may have on their self-identity. </p><p>Weisberg, Y. J., DeYoung, C. G., & Hirsh, J. B. (2011). Gender differences in personality across the ten aspects of the big five. Frontiers in Psychology, 2. </p><p>* xzResearch exploring gender differences in personality traits. Note that while there are differences, the magnitude is relatively small and the personality measure used in the study relies on self-description which is influenced to some degree by societal role expectations.</p> <br/><br/>This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit <a href="https://kimlear.substack.com?utm_medium=podcast&utm_campaign=CTA_1">kimlear.substack.com</a>
July 5, 2023
Episode 4: Do young people work less hard?
<p>Episode Summary </p><p>Are “kids these days” working less hard than before? Are they less willing to make the sacrifices older generations did? Steve and Kim discuss the data and theory behind one of the most prominent workplace debates on this episode of Yes & No.</p><p>Show Notes</p><p>Kim’s Notes</p><p><a target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/paulisci/status/1549527748950892544?lang=en">Paul Fairie</a>: A brief history of “nobody wants to work” </p><p><a target="_blank" href="https://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest/d17/tables/dt17_302.60.asp">NCES</a>: Percentage of 18- to 24-year-olds enrolled in college, by level of institution and sex and race/ethnicity of student: 1970 through 2016. </p><p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.nber.org/papers/w22910">NBER</a>: Rates of absolute income mobility have fallen from approximately 90% for children born in 1940 to 50% for children born in the 1980s. </p><p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/03/09/led-by-baby-boomers-divorce-rates-climb-for-americas-50-population/">Pew Research</a>: During their young adulthood, Baby Boomers had unprecedented levels of divorce. Their marital instability earlier in life is contributing to the rising divorce rate among adults ages 50 and older today, since remarriages tend to be less stable than first marriages.</p><p><a target="_blank" href="https://healthjournalism.org/blog/2022/06/baby-boomers-suffer-more-comorbidities-than-prior-generations-at-similar-ages/">Association of Health Care Journalists</a>: Baby boomers suffer more comorbidities than prior generations at similar ages. </p><p>Steve’s Notes</p><p>Ng, T.W., & Feldman, D.C. (2012). Evaluating Six Common Stereotypes About Older Workers with Meta‐Analytical Data. Personnel Psychology, 65, 821-858. </p><p>* Review of research testing the empirical validity of common perceptions about age, attitudes, and ability.</p><p>Finkelstein, LM, Voyles, EC, Thomas, CL, & Zacher, H (2020). A Daily Diary Study of Responses to Age Meta-stereotypes, Work, Aging and Retirement, Volume 6, Issue 1, 28–45. </p><p>* Study exploring how the existence of age based stereotypes impacts people at different ages regardless of the accuracy of the stereotypes.</p> <br/><br/>This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit <a href="https://kimlear.substack.com?utm_medium=podcast&utm_campaign=CTA_1">kimlear.substack.com</a>
May 25, 2023
Episode 3: Should we bring our whole selves to work?
<p></p><p>Episode Summary </p><p>Should people bring their whole selves to work? Kim and Steve dig into the roots and lasting impacts of the authenticity movement in the workplace on this episode of Yes & No.</p><p>Show Notes</p><p>Kim’s Notes</p><p><a target="_blank" href="https://researchcommons.waikato.ac.nz/handle/10289/13365">Elsevier Journal:</a> Being authentic in the workplace promotes overall well-being and satisfaction. A meta-analysis of authenticity, well-being, and engagement. </p><p><a target="_blank" href="https://journals.aom.org/doi/full/10.5465/annals.2016.0108">Academy of Management</a>: Empirical review of research and data relating to studies of authenticity in the workplace. </p><p><a target="_blank" href="https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3171594">FL Law Review</a>: Narrow definitions of “professionalism” are based on white male standards and conforming to these expectations can be damaging for employees of color, women, LGBTQ people, etc. </p><p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.forbes.com/sites/gradsoflife/2021/06/29/white-professionalism-limits-diverse-employees-belonging/?sh=779ed1643e5c">Forbes</a>: Lack of cultural openness, adherence to white-dominant norms, and Americanized definitions of “professionalism” prevent many people from showing up authentically at work.</p><p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.ft.com/content/df73fc26-5740-437a-9c5d-2e6bab63d590">Lindsay Pollack</a>: “People can be professional in many different ways, and it doesn’t have to look like a certain type of person.” New York Times bestselling author and speaker. </p><p>Steve’s Notes</p><p>Chawla, N., Gabriel, A. S., Rosen, C. C., Evans, J. B., Koopman, J., Hochwarter, W. A., Palmer, J. C., & Jordan, S. L. (2021). A person‐centered view of impression management, inauthenticity, and employee behavior. Personnel Psychology, 74(4), 657–691. </p><p>* Study examining the consequences, largely negative, of being in a job where people feel they must actively hide their inner feelings and true self.</p><p>Jones, K. P., Peddie, C. I., Gilrane, V. L., King, E. B., & Gray, A. L. (2016). Not so subtle: A meta-analytic investigation of the correlates of subtle and overt discrimination. Journal of Management, 42(6), 1588–1613. </p><p>* Review examining the pervasive and negative impact of implicit or subtle discrimination at work.</p><p>Ebrahimi, M, Kouchaki, M, & Patrick, VM (2020). Juggling work and home selves: Low identity integration feels less authentic and increases unethicality. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, Volume 158,101-111. </p><p>* Study examining the impact, mostly negative of working in jobs that increase people’s feelings of inauthenticity.</p><p>Stergiou-Kita, M., Pritlove, C., & Kirsh, B. (2016). The “Big C” — Stigma, cancer, and workplace discrimination. Journal of Cancer Survivorship, 10(6), 1035–1050.<strong> </strong></p><p>* Examination of perceived and implicit biases toward employees who have survived cancer.</p> <br/><br/>This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit <a href="https://kimlear.substack.com?utm_medium=podcast&utm_campaign=CTA_1">kimlear.substack.com</a>
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