Facts, data, and analytics about biomedical matters. <br/><br/><a href="https://erictopol.substack.com/s/podcasts?utm_medium=podcast">erictopol.substack.com</a>

Ground Truths
Claim This Podcastby Eric Topol
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Facts, data, and analytics about biomedical matters. <br/><br/><a href="https://erictopol.substack.com/s/podcasts?utm_medium=podcast">erictopol.substack.com</a>
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Publishing Since
5/5/2023
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Recent Episodes

March 6, 2026
A Master Class on Sleep
<p>Yo-El Ju is the Barbara Burton and Reuben Morris Professor of Neurology at Washington University, St. Louis. She got her AB from Harvard and MD from Columbia and actively practices sleep medicine and is a prolific researcher, one of the top sleep scientists in the country. </p><p>Here are some of the topics we discussed and a few related hyperlinked citations:</p><p>—Importance of Deep Sleep (and <a target="_blank" href="https://academic.oup.com/brain/article/140/8/2104/3933862">her paper on what happens when deep sleep is purposely disrupted</a>, how it is modulated, effect of alcohol </p><p>—<a target="_blank" href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s44323-025-00025-5">The Orexin Antagonist drugs that promote sleep</a> (and a study that shows they can reduce p-tau217 and other neuroinflammation markers</p><p>—<a target="_blank" href="https://elifesciences.org/reviewed-preprints/88359">Link of sleep regularity with less all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer related mortality</a></p><p>Figure 3.9 from SUPER AGERS (SRI-sleep regularity index) </p><p><strong>More things we discussed:</strong></p><p>—<a target="_blank" href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-025-04133-4">A sleep foundation model that predicts 130 diseases</a></p><p>—Impact of menopause on sleep</p><p>—Getting to sleep vs staying asleep</p><p>—Role of naps</p><p>—Impact of interruptions of sleep</p><p>—Sleep apnea and new interventions</p><p>—Vagal nerve stimulation and sleep</p><p>—Cerebrospinal fluid wave<a target="_blank" href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41593-025-02098-8"> that occurs during attention lapse after poor sleep</a></p><p>—cognitive behavioral therapy for improved sleep </p><p>—Wearables, sleep scores, and effect on sleep</p><p>—Any supplements that help sleep?</p><p>—The <a target="_blank" href="https://www.newyorker.com/culture/annals-of-inquiry/why-some-people-thrive-on-four-hours-of-sleep">rare genetically endowed short sleepers</a></p><p></p><p>Thank you <a target="_blank" href="https://substack.com/profile/1654713-jeoffry-gordon-md-mph">Jeoffry Gordon, MD, MPH</a>, <a target="_blank" href="https://substack.com/profile/136429357-dr-sara-wolfson">Dr. Sara Wolfson</a>, <a target="_blank" href="https://substack.com/profile/16364334-lynn-l">Lynn L</a>, <a target="_blank" href="https://substack.com/profile/68110001-vau-geha">Vau Geha</a>, <a target="_blank" href="https://substack.com/profile/85757502-bernie-newman">Bernie Newman</a>, and more than 600 others for tuning into my live video with <a target="_blank" href="https://substack.com/profile/1498299-yo-el-ju">Yo-El Ju</a>! Join me for my next live video in the app.</p><p>**************************************************</p><p>Thanks to Ground Truths subscribers (> 200,000) from every US state and 210 countries. Your subscription to these <strong>free essays and podcasts</strong> makes my work in putting them together worthwhile. Please join!</p><p><strong>If you found this interesting PLEASE share it!</strong></p><p>Paid subscriptions are voluntary and all proceeds from them go to support <a target="_blank" href="https://www.scripps.edu">Scripps Research</a>. They do allow for posting comments and questions, which I do my best to respond to. Please don’t hesitate to post comments and give me feedback. Let me know topics that you would like to see covered.</p><p>Many thanks to those who have contributed—they have greatly helped fund <a target="_blank" href="https://www.scripps.edu/science-and-medicine/translational-institute/education-and-training/student-research-internship/index.html">our summer internship programs</a> for the past two years. It enabled us to accept and support 47 summer interns in 2025! We aim to accept even more of the several thousand who will apply for summer 2026.</p><p>+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++</p><p>I also want to thank the National Academies of Science, Medicine and Engineering for their <a target="_blank" href="https://explorers.com/eric-topol/">recent recognition</a>.</p><p></p><p></p> <br/><br/>Get full access to Ground Truths at <a href="https://erictopol.substack.com/subscribe?utm_medium=podcast&utm_campaign=CTA_4">erictopol.substack.com/subscribe</a>

February 4, 2026
Robert Wachter & Eric Topol - Discuss a Giant Leap Book
<br/><br/>Get full access to Ground Truths at <a href="https://erictopol.substack.com/subscribe?utm_medium=podcast&utm_campaign=CTA_4">erictopol.substack.com/subscribe</a>

February 1, 2026
Vagus Nerve Stimulation and the Immune System
<p>The vagus nerve, also known as the Great Nerve, connects the brain to all parts of the body, like an internet (Figure below). Every week we’re learning more about its importance for health and disease. Until recent years the brain and immune system were thought to be in separate “firewalled” compartments. But that turned out to be far from the truth.</p><p></p><p>Dr. Kevin Tracey, who directs the Feinstein Institute at Northwell Health, has been studying the vagus nerve for more than 3 decades. In the early 1990’s he made the seminal observation that stimulating the vagus reduces the inflammatory cytokine known as tumor necrosis factor (TNF), what he described at the time as a “holy s**t” moment. In 2025 he published the book THE GREAT NERVE with many rich patient anecdotes and the history for how this field developed.</p><p>I wrote about the <a target="_blank" href="https://erictopol.substack.com/p/our-brainimmune-axis-gets-a-jolt">brain-immune axis previously on Ground Truths</a>, spotlighting the vagus nerve’s role. That included much more on depth of the pathways if you are interested.</p><p>We discussed the <a target="_blank" href="https://www.northwell.edu/news/the-latest/fda-approves-first-vagus-nerve-device-to-treat-rheumatoid-arthritis">recent FDA July approval for refractory rheumatoid arthritis (RA)</a>(unresponsive to medications or intolerance to medical therapy) based on a <a target="_blank" href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-025-04114-7">sham-controlled randomized trial</a> published in December 2025 in Nature Medicine. It is striking that the benefits were <strong>derived from 1 minute of vagal stimulation per day</strong>. That stimulation is barely perceived (tingling, many not at all) by device recipients. The surgery takes one hour to implant the tiny stimulator device along side the vagus nerve in the neck. </p><p>But this is much bigger than a treatment for RA. It is now being tested for lupus, Crohn’s disease, and other autoimmune conditions. That’s beyond the role vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has played for epilepsy and depression, independent of VNS’s anti-inflammatory impact (Tracey named it “the inflammatory reflex”).</p><p>We also discussed handheld VNS devices, potential use for Long Covid and POTS, cold plunges, heart rate variability, stress, and other topics related to the vagus nerve and parasympathetic nervous system (the brakes, “rest and digest” as opposed to the sympathetic nervous system (the gas, “fight or flight”).</p><p>Most people are not aware of this device approved treatment for an autoimmune disease. Our treatments are so drug-centric but they are immunosuppressive, have important side-effects, and are expensive. It’s good to see a non-drug approach get compelling data as an alternative. Moreover, as I recently wrote about, there’s a shift <a target="_blank" href="https://erictopol.substack.com/p/the-exhilirating-movement-from-treatment">ongoing from treatment to cures vs autoimmune diseases</a> that will be adding to the mix.</p><p></p><p>Here are some very recent papers about the vagus nerve to give you a sense about how its prominence is getting appreciated more all the time</p><p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.adz0828">Gut-brain-vagus axis for reward circuit and addiction, 30 Jan 2026, Science Advances</a></p><p><a target="_blank" href="https://academic.oup.com/ijnp/article/29/1/pyaf080/8423597">Randomized trial of VNS for depression , Int J of Neuropsychopharm 2026 </a></p><p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.cell.com/cell/fulltext/S0092-8674(25)01506-5?_returnURL=https%3A%2F%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%2Fretrieve%2Fpii%2FS0092867425015065%3Fshowall%3Dtrue">The vagus nerve role in heart function after a heart attack, Cell, February 2026</a></p><p><a target="_blank" href="https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-10010-4">Vagus receptors and hemorrhage, blood volume, Nature, 28 Jan 2026</a></p><p></p><p>A Quick Poll</p><p></p><p>Thank you <a target="_blank" href="https://substack.com/profile/364051188-harshi-peiris-phd">Harshi Peiris, Ph.D.</a>, <a target="_blank" href="https://substack.com/profile/3378775-tay-macintyre">Tay MacIntyre</a>, <a target="_blank" href="https://substack.com/profile/36537643-david-dansereau-mspt">David Dansereau, MSPT</a>, <a target="_blank" href="https://substack.com/profile/241132502-max-manwaring-mueller">Max Manwaring-Mueller</a>, <a target="_blank" href="https://substack.com/profile/23752915-rj">RJ</a>, and over 600 others for tuning into my live video with <a target="_blank" href="https://substack.com/profile/8154699-kevin-j-tracey-md">Kevin J. Tracey, MD</a>! Join me for my next live video with <a target="_blank" href="https://substack.com/profile/10659221-robert-wachter">Robert Wachter</a> Feb 4th, 12:30 PM PT in the app.</p><p>**********************************************</p><p>Thanks to Ground Truths subscribers (approaching 200,000) from every US state and 210 countries. Your subscription to these <strong>free essays and podcasts</strong> makes my work in putting them together worthwhile. Please join!</p><p><strong>If you found this interesting PLEASE share it!</strong></p><p>Paid subscriptions are voluntary and all proceeds from them go to support <a target="_blank" href="https://www.scripps.edu">Scripps Research</a>. They do allow for posting comments and questions, which I do my best to respond to. Please don’t hesitate to post comments and give me feedback. Let me know topics that you would like to see covered.</p><p>Many thanks to those who have contributed—they have greatly helped fund <a target="_blank" href="https://www.scripps.edu/science-and-medicine/translational-institute/education-and-training/student-research-internship/index.html">our summer internship programs</a> for the past two years. It enabled us to accept and support 47 summer interns in 2025! We aim to accept even more of the several thousand who will apply for summer 2026.</p> <br/><br/>Get full access to Ground Truths at <a href="https://erictopol.substack.com/subscribe?utm_medium=podcast&utm_campaign=CTA_4">erictopol.substack.com/subscribe</a>
82 total episodes available
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Jennifer Doudna
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Priscilla Chan
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Adam Kucharski
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Devi Sridhar
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Matthew Walker
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Katie Couric
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Eric Topol
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Sir John Bell
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